My Natural Science Glossary

20 Biology terms

Hi, my name is Claudie Lesperance. I am studying Natural Science for 2 years at Lionel-Groulx College. This is my last semester. My field of study is biology. My glossary will be for students who have interests about biology and for the students already studying biology. Also, the glossary that I have made could help these people to understand the vocabulary commonly used in this field. Each term is related to biology. As a student the goal of this glossary is to learn the meaning of each term and more about this field of study.

anatomy
noun
The branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+anatomy
bacteria
noun
A member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms which have cell walls but lack organelles and an organized nucleus, including some that can cause disease.
Example: Source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+bacteria
cell
noun
The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+cell
cytoplasm
noun
The semi fluid substance of a cell that is external to the nuclear membrane and internal to the cellular membrane.
Example: source: https://www.britannica.com/science/cytoplasm
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
noun
A self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
Example: Source:https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk019E-ofn-XEKp7ATaY4RCY95Bo99w%3A1613584130403&ei=AlctYOn-F_zi5NoP1t6q4AM&q=dna+definition&oq=dna+definition&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyCQgAEEMQRhD5ATIFCAAQywEyBQgAEMsBMgUIABDLATICCAAyBQgAEMsBMgUIABDLATIFCAAQywEyBQgAEMsBMgUIABDLAToHCCMQsAMQJzoECCMQJzoFCC4QywE6CwgAEMcBEK8BEMsBOgQIABBDOgcIABCxAxBDUJERWPZTYKtXaAVwAHgBgAHHAYgBrBWSAQQyMy42mAEAoAEBqgEHZ3dzLXdpesgBAcABAQ&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjph6GnvfHuAhV8MVkFHVavCjwQ4dUDCA0&uact=5
ecology
noun
The branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+ecology
enzyme
noun
A substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk004ZHaq9QRl6O49yCjCQ7QD0Zx4KA%3A1613443706330&ei=ejIrYNHPE8Li5NoP19aPsAI&q=define+enzyme+in+english&oq=define+enzyme+in+english&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBggAEBYQHjIGCAAQFhAeMgYIABAWEB4yBggAEBYQHjIGCAAQFhAeMgYIABAWEB4yBggAEBYQHjIICAAQFhAKEB46BwgjELADECc6BwgAELADEEM6BwgAEEcQsAM6BAgAEBM6BQgAEMsBUPnUA1ithARgqYcEaAFwAngAgAGPAogBvg2SAQUyLjcuM5gBAKABAaoBB2d3cy13aXrIAQrAAQE&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjR9OuXsu3uAhVCMVkFHVfrAyYQ4dUDCA0&uact=5
evolution
noun
The process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk0237sMNZD3SlgTna6yXcyXcPlQcTg%3A1613584670134&ei=HlktYJ7gB6iGwbkPk-CJgAk&q=definition+of+evolution&oq=defi+evolution&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAEYADIGCAAQBxAeMgYIABAHEB4yBggAEAcQHjIGCAAQBxAeMgYIABAHEB4yBggAEAcQHjIGCAAQBxAeMgYIABAHEB4yBggAEAcQHjIGCAAQBxAeOgcIIxCwAxAnOgcIABCwAxBDOgcIABBHELADOggIABAHEB4QE1DIQFiEQ2C9U2gBcAJ4AIABc4gBvwKSAQMxLjKYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6yAEKwAEB&sclient=gws-wiz
gene
noun
A basic unit of heredity and a sequence of nucleotide in DNA or RNA.
Example: source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene
heredity
noun
The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+heredity
laboratory
noun
A room or building equipped for scientific experiments, research, or teaching.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+laboratory
metabolism
noun
The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+metabolism
mitochondria
noun
An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+mitochondria
organ
noun
A part of an organism that is typically self-contained and has a specific vital function, such as the heart or liver in humans.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+organ
photosynthesis
noun
The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+photosynthesis
physiology
noun
It is the branch of biology that aims to understand the mechanisms of living things, from the basis of cell function at the ionic and molecular level to the integrated behaviour of the whole body and the influence of the external environment.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+physiology
species
noun
A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+species
unicellular
adjective
Characterized by the formation or presence of a single cell.
Example: source: https://www.google.com/search?q=define+unicellular
virus
noun
A submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
Example: source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus
zygote
noun
A eukaryotic cell formed by a fertilization event between two gametes.
Example: source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygote